Irregular Periods – Investigation and Treatment

Irregular periods, also known as menstrual irregularities, refer to menstrual cycles that vary significantly in length, duration, or flow from month to month. While occasional changes are common, consistent irregularity may signal an underlying health concern that needs medical attention. A normal menstrual cycle ranges between 21 to 35 days, and any deviation from this pattern could be due to hormonal imbalances, lifestyle factors, or medical conditions. Irregular periods can cause stress, fertility issues, and discomfort, so understanding the cause is the first step towards effective treatment. Gynecological evaluation typically includes a detailed medical history, physical examination, hormone tests, pelvic ultrasound, and sometimes additional investigations like thyroid function tests or prolactin levels. Treatment depends on the root cause and may involve lifestyle changes, medications, or hormonal therapies.

Common Causes of Irregular Periods

- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) - Thyroid disorders (hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism) - Stress and anxiety - Excessive exercise or extreme weight loss - Obesity - Eating disorders - Hormonal imbalances - Uterine fibroids or endometriosis - Certain medications or contraceptives - Perimenopause or puberty

Tips for Managing Irregular Periods

- Maintain a healthy weight through balanced diet and exercise - Practice stress-reducing techniques like yoga, meditation, or breathing exercises - Keep a menstrual diary or use a period tracking app - Avoid excessive dieting or strenuous workouts - Get enough sleep and rest - Limit caffeine and processed foods - Consult a gynecologist if irregularity persists for more than a few months - Follow prescribed medication or hormonal therapy if advised